Estimation of blood lipid profile to study dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension, diabetes, liver and kidney disease

Abstract

Introduction: Lipotoxicity is a result of hyperlipidemia. Lipid and cholesterol buildup in the arteries causes atherosclerosis, which damages key organs including the heart and kidneys and causes cardiovascular disorders. Methods: Fasting blood samples were collected and tested using an automated biochemistry analyzer for dyslipidemia screening. Five participant groups—those with hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, or liver disease—as well as a control group of people without these conditions—were used to collect the data. There were 101 patients in the study, with at least 20 volunteers in each group ranging in age from 18 to 70. The data were statistically compared using the independent two-sample t-test. Results: Hypertension and diabetes associated participants had an increased mean of low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels than control (p<0.05). These were likewise higher in kidney disease patients compared to the control group (p<0.05). High-density lipoprotein levels did not change significantly in these groups. In liver disease patients mean triglycerides and very lowdensity lipoprotein levels were found significantly higher when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Mean high density lipoprotein levels in individuals with liver disease reveal a significant drop when compared to the control group, with a 90% confidence level. Conclusion: A link between hyperlipidemia and patients with hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, and renal disease was observed. Diabetes and high blood pressure were present in the majority of patients with renal and hepatic dysfunction.