Mathematical/Statistical Research of Improved Metal Foam Heat Sink with Fe3O4-H2O Nanofluids

Abstract

This paper presents a numerical investigation of a proposed heat sink equipped with enhanced metal foam subjected to forced convection. The two-phase Eulerian model is employed to predict the behavior of Fe3O4-H2O nanofluid, to analyze heat transfer properties and entropy production. The simulation results are validated against existing data, and good agreement is achieved. The impact of pore permeability, nanoparticle size, concentration, and flow velocity on heat exchange and entropy is studied. Our results show that the application of reinforced foam enhances average Nusselt by 5.79% compared to aluminum foam, and the proposed foam application can reduce thermal entropy by 47.58% to 81.18% for Re values of 2600 and 3800, respectively. Moreover, PEC increases by 56% when the pore permeability and flow velocity are raised.