Examining the antioxidant capabilities and enzyme-inhibiting potentials of the Stachys bombycina Boiss extracts.

Abstract

Scope and Context: Roughly 300 species of Stachys L. are known to exist throughout the globe. Across Turkey, especially in the south and east, you may find more than 120 different taxa, with about 60 of them being endemic. Stachys species have a long history of medicinal usage, with applications ranging from the treatment of asthma and rheumatism to coughs, ulcers, genital tumors, diabetes, hemorrhoids, kidney stones, and a host of mental illnesses. S. bombycina Boiss., also known as "arıçayçesi" in Turkish, is a species of indigenous perennial plant that is almost endangered. We used in vitro methods comprising radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS), an iron-chelating assay, total phenol content (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) analysis, and water and methanol extracts of S. bombycina were tested for antioxidant activity. Using an in vitro spectrophotometric technique, the extracts were also examined for their effects on enzyme inhibition. To further understand the extracts' phytochemical profiles, HPLC analysis was also used. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that compared to the water extract, the methanol extract of S. bombycina exhibited superior radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS, with IC50 values of 605.7 ± 1.04 and 19.40 ± 0.37 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast to the methanol extract, the water extract was shown to possess a greater iron chelating activity (IC50= 917.9 ± 3.55 μg/mL). The water extract had the greatest total phenolic content (TPC) at 81.07 ± 4.71 μg GAE/mg, whereas the methanol extract had a higher total flavonoid content (TFC) at 46.93 ± 1.94 μg QE/mg. Further, the water extract exhibited a significant level of anti-BChE activity (IC50= 58.09 ± 1.18 μg/mL). Furthermore, the water extract had caffeic acid as its primary component, and the methanol extract contained ellagic acid as its significant component. In sum, As a result, no previous research has documented S. bombycina's antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory capabilities till now. Our results on S. bombycina suggest that this study has the potential to aid in the search for naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Additionally, additional research is required to determine the specific phytoconstituents of S. bombycina that are responsible for its bioactivity and other possible biological effects. Stachys bombycina, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition